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CompTIA CAS-005 認定試験の出題範囲：
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出題範囲
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CompTIA CAS-005問題と解答 & CAS-005最新日本語版参考書
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CompTIA SecurityX Certification Exam 認定 CAS-005 試験問題 (Q13-Q18):
質問 # 13
An organization wants to create a threat model to identity vulnerabilities in its infrastructure. Which of the following, should be prioritized first?
正解：A
解説：
When creating a threat model to identify vulnerabilities in an organization's infrastructure, prioritizing external-facing infrastructure with known exploited vulnerabilities is critical. Here's why:
Exposure to Attack: External-facing infrastructure is directly exposed to the internet, making it a primary target for attackers. Any vulnerabilities in this layer pose an immediate risk to the organization's security.
Known Exploited Vulnerabilities: Vulnerabilities that are already known and exploited in the wild are of higher concern because they are actively being used by attackers. Addressing these vulnerabilities reduces the risk of exploitation significantly.
Risk Mitigation: By prioritizing external-facing infrastructure with known exploited vulnerabilities, the organization can mitigate the most immediate and impactful threats, thereby improving overall security posture.
質問 # 14
Emails that the marketing department is sending to customers are pomp to the customers' spam folders. The security team is investigating the issue and discovers that the certificates used by the email server were reissued, but DNS records had not been updated.
Which of the following should the security team update in order to fix this issue? (Select three.)
正解：A、C、H
解説：
To prevent emails from being marked as spam, several DNS records related to email authentication need to be properly configured and updated when there are changes to the email server's certificates:
DMARC (Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting & Conformance): DMARC records help email servers determine how to handle messages that fail SPF or DKIM checks, improving email deliverability and reducing the likelihood of emails being marked as spam.
SPF (Sender Policy Framework): SPF records specify which mail servers are authorized to send email on behalf of your domain. Updating the SPF record ensures that the new email server is recognized as an authorized sender.
質問 # 15
Operational technology often relies upon aging command, control, and telemetry subsystems that were created with the design assumption of:
正解：A
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed Step by Step Explanation:
Understanding the Scenario: The question focuses on the historical design assumptions behind older operational technology (OT)systems, particularly in the context of command, control, and telemetry.
Analyzing the Answer Choices:
A: operating in an isolated/disconnected system: This is the most accurate assumption for many legacy OT systems. Historically, these systems weredesigned to operate in air-gapped environments, completely isolated from external networks (including the internet).
Reference: This aligns with the historical evolution of OT security. Initially, security was based on physical isolation rather than network security controls. This is a common topic in CASP+ discussions on OT security challenges.
B: communicating over distributed environments: While OT systems can be distributed, the core design assumption, especially for older systems, wasn't centered around interconnectivity in the way modern IT systems are.
C: untrustworthy users and systems being present: This is a more modern security principle (Zero Trust).
Older OT systems often operated under a model of implicit trust within their isolated environment.
D: an available EtherneVIP network stack for flexibility: Ethernet/IP is a relatively newer industrial protocol.
Older OT systems often used proprietary or less flexible communication protocols. Also, there is no such thing as EtherneVIP.
E: anticipated eavesdropping from malicious actors: While security was a concern, the primary threat model for older, isolated OT systems didn't heavily emphasize external malicious actors due to the assumed isolation.
Why A is the Correct Answer:
Air Gap: The concept of an air gap (physical isolation) was the cornerstone of security for many legacy OT systems. These systems were not connected to the internet or corporate networks, making them less susceptible to remote attacks.
Legacy Protocols: Older OT systems often used proprietary or serial communication protocols, not designed for internet connectivity.
Implicit Trust: Within the isolated environment, there was often an assumption of trust among the connected components.
CASP+ Relevance: The challenges of securing legacy OT systems, especially in the face of increasing connectivity, are a key area of focus in CASP+. Understanding the historical context and the shift in security paradigms is crucial.
Modern OT Security Considerations (Elaboration):
Convergence: Today, the lines between IT and OT are blurring. OT systems are increasingly connected to corporate networks and the internet, necessitating a shift from isolation-based security to a more comprehensive approach.
Threat Landscape: Modern OT systems face a wider range of threats, including targeted attacks from sophisticated actors.
Security Controls: Modern OT security involves implementing network segmentation, intrusion detection, access controls, and other measures to protect against these evolving threats.
In conclusion, the primary design assumption for many older OT systems was that they would operate in isolated or disconnected environments. This historical context is important for understanding the security challenges faced by organizations today as they integrate these legacy systems into modern, connected environments. This is a core concept discussed in CASP+ in the context of OT security and risk management.
質問 # 16
A company isolated its OT systems from other areas of the corporate network These systems are required to report usage information over the internet to the vendor Which oi the following b*st reduces the risk of compromise or sabotage' (Select two).
正解：E、F
解説：
A: Implementing allow lists: Allow lists (whitelisting) restrict network communication to only authorized devices and applications, significantly reducing the attack surface by ensuring that only pre-approved traffic is permitted.
F: Implementing a site-to-site IPSec VPN: A site-to-site VPN provides a secure, encrypted tunnel for data transmission between the OT systems and the vendor, protecting the data from interception and tampering during transit.
Other options:
B: Monitoring network behavior: While useful for detecting anomalies, it does not proactively reduce the risk of compromise or sabotage.
C: Encrypting data at rest: Important for protecting data stored on devices, but does not address network communication risks.
D: Performing boot integrity checks: Ensures the integrity of the system at startup but does not protect ongoing network communications.
E: Executing daily health checks: Useful for maintaining system health but does not directly reduce the risk of network-based compromise or sabotage.
質問 # 17
After a company discovered a zero-day vulnerability in its VPN solution, the company plans to deploy cloud-hosted resources to replace its current on-premises systems. An engineer must find an appropriate solution to facilitate trusted connectivity. Which of the following capabilities is the most relevant?
正解：C
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed
The scenario involves replacing an on-premises VPN solution, which has a zero-day vulnerability, with cloud-hosted resources while ensuring trusted connectivity. Trusted connectivity in a cloud environment implies secure, scalable, and modern access control that goes beyond traditional VPNs. Let's analyze the options:
A . Container orchestration: This refers to managing and automating containerized workloads (e.g., Kubernetes). While useful for application deployment, it doesn't directly address secure connectivity to cloud resources.
B . Microsegmentation: This involves creating fine-grained security policies within a network to limit lateral movement. It's valuable for internal security but isn't a complete solution for trusted connectivity to cloud-hosted resources.
C . Conditional access: This ensures access based on conditions (e.g., user identity, device health). It's relevant for identity management but lacks the broader networking and security scope needed here.
質問 # 18
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